Analogy Notes & Questions | Class 5 Reasoning | Drishti OS

Analogy

How to read an analogy in the form A is to B as C is to ?.
How to name the relationship between the first pair before applying it to the second pair.
How analogies can be based on words (function, opposites, part-whole) or numbers (square, double, add a fixed amount).

Verbal: Find how the first two words are connected, then find the matching word for the third.

Example: Bird is to Nest as Bee is to ? -> Hive (each animal's home).

Analogy	Relationship
Foot : Shoe :: Hand : Glove	covering worn on the body part
Cow : Calf :: Dog : Puppy	baby of the animal

Verbal: The rule connecting the numbers could be squaring, doubling, or adding a fixed number.

Example: 3 is to 9 as 4 is to ? -> 16 (squaring rule: 3x3=9, 4x4=16).

Verbal: Relationships can be opposites, part-to-whole, or worker-to-material.

Wheel is to Car as Page is to ?

Step 1 - Wheel is a part of a Car (part-to-whole)
Step 2 - Apply same relation: a Page is a part of a Book
Answer: Book

5 is to 25 as 6 is to ?

Step 1 - 5 squared = 25, so the rule is 'square the number'
Step 2 - 6 squared = 36
Answer: 36

Mistake	Why it happens	Fix
Guessing the answer without naming the rule	Rushing	Say the relationship in words first
Mixing up part-to-whole direction	Confusing which is the part	Check: is the smaller thing part of the bigger one?
Using the wrong number operation	Trying addition when it is really squaring	Test the rule on the first pair before applying it
Picking an opposite when the relation is 'function'	Not checking category of relationship	Reread both pairs carefully

Revision tip: Turn the analogy into a sentence: 'A goes with B in the same way that C goes with ___.'

Open the Practice tab for graded questions on Analogy.